The Choctaw Alphabet

  • A - apisa, mirror. Long as in English father.
  • Ʋ - ʋllo̱si, baby. Short as in English sofa.
  • B - bʋshpo, knife. As in English ball.
  • Ch - chukfi, rabbit. As in English church.
  • E - achefa, to wash. Long as in English fee.
  • F - fichik, a star. As in English fire.
  • H - haknip,body. As in English hot.
  • Hl - hla̱fa, a mark. A little like English health. Hl is spelled lh before a consonant.
  • I - iti, tree. Short as in English itch.
  • k - koni, skunk. As in English kitchen.
  • L - luksi, turtle. As in English lemon.
  • M - mi̱ko, chief, king. As in English match.
  • N - nʋni, fish. As in English new.
  • O - ohoyo, woman. Long as in English boy.
  • P - pinti, mouse. As in English pot.
  • S - sinti, snake. As in English sun.
  • Sh - shukha, hog. As in English shoe.
  • T - tanchi, corn. As in English toy.
  • U - ushi, child. Short as in English pore.
  • W - wak, cow. As in English work.
  • Y - yʋnʋsh, buffalo. As in English yellow.

Choctaw also has nasal vowels (pronounced through the nose). These are usually spelled <em>a̱, i̱, and o̱ (or u̱)</em>. Before <em>ch, l, </em> and <em>t</em> the same sounds are spelled <em>an, in,</em> and on (or <em>un</em>). Before <em>b</em> and <em>p</em>, they are spelled <em> am, im, </em>and <em>om </em>(or <em> um</em>). There is a great deal of variation in spelling between these three pairs of vowels: <ul class="sentenceVowels"> <li class="listVowels"><bold class="sentenceBold">ʋ~a</bold></li> <li class="listVowels"><bold class="sentenceBold">i~e</bold></li> <li class="listVowels"><bold class="sentenceBold">u~o</bold></li> </ul> In general, the letters <em>ʋ, i, </em> and <em>u</em> are used for shorter vowel sounds where the mouth is almost closed; <em>a, e, </em>and <em> o</em> are used for longer vowel sounds where the mouth is more open. Consonants may be doubled. The <em>n</em> in the word <em>hannali</em> ‘six’ is held longer than the <em>n</em> in the word <em>hanali</em> ‘leg’. When a sound is spelled with two letters (<em>sh, hl, ch</em>), do not double the letters. </br> </br> The following alphabetical order was used to sort words: <em>a A a̱ A̱; ʋ Ʋ; b B; c C; e E e̱ E̱; f F; h H; i I i̱ I̱; k K; l L; m M; n N; o O o̱ O̱; p P; s S; t T; u U u̱ U̱; w W; y Y. Ch, hl, lh,</em>and <em>sh</em> are sorted as two separate letters.